aging

Recapturing Kids’ Bone-Healing Magic

IRP Study Suggests Immune System Changes Hinder Healing in Adults

a child writing on another child's arm cast

With all the hijinks that young children and teenagers get up to, it’s a good thing they heal so quickly from a broken leg or arm. Unfortunately, this ability begins to diminish within a few years of graduating high school. Now, new IRP research is showing that changes in the immune system underlie the difficulties older individuals have with repairing their bones.

Alcohol Accelerates Cardiovascular Aging

IRP Research Suggests Older Adults May Benefit From Severely Limiting Alcohol Consumption

illustration of heart and lungs overlaid over an older woman

It seems like every news report touting the health benefits of a daily glass of wine is soon followed by another that claims consuming any amount of alcohol harms health. While the jury is still out on this issue for younger individuals, a recent IRP study suggests that alcohol consumption may accelerate the typical age-related erosion of the cardiovascular system.

Many scientific studies have established the myriad ways that aging and alcohol independently diminish the capacity of the heart and blood vessels to effectively move blood — and the vital oxygen and nutrients it carries — around the body. However, the effects of those two forces in combination remains an outstanding question with potentially significant implications for health and public policy.

Creating Building Blocks for Muscle Regeneration

IRP Study Points to Strategy to Speed Healing and Reduce Age-Related Atrophy

human musculature

Whether due to exercise or injury, our muscles are constantly breaking down and regenerating. Just like construction workers need a hearty lunch to fuel their hammer swings and nails to hammer, our cells need both energy and specific materials to rebuild our bodies. New IRP research has produced important insights into how cells create the energy and building blocks needed to repair our muscles, pointing to potential avenues for helping people recover from muscular injuries or retain more muscle as they age.

A Summer of Science

Summer Poster Days Showcase IRP Summer Intern Research

IRP summer intern Thomas Savage

Every summer, NIH welcomes hundreds of enthusiastic young men and women to its campuses to work as summer interns, providing them with scientific training and mentorship from some of the world’s preeminent researchers. As always, the Summer Internship Program culminated this year with Summer Poster Days, held on August 1 and 2, a bustling event where summer interns showcase the results of their immersion into IRP research. Nearly 800 IRP summer interns participated in this year’s event, presenting research on cancer vaccines, new applications for virtual reality technology, experimental antifungal treatments, how the brain perceives pitch in sounds, and much more. Read on for a glimpse at some of this year’s summer interns and the work they braved a blazing Washington, D.C., summer to pursue.

Say Hi to AI

NIH AI Symposium Highlights Potential of New Computational Tools

human head made out of computer circuits

The human brain is often compared to a computer. Although scientists and philosophers have long debated the appropriateness of that analogy, there’s no doubt that if our brains are computers, evolution takes its sweet time between software updates. Compare that to the rapid advancement of modern computers and it’s clear why many researchers are turning to software to assist the biological computer nature placed in their own heads.

On May 17, NIH celebrated this remarkable partnership between humans and machines with its first-ever Artificial Intelligence Symposium, a day-long event that brought together researchers from all around the IRP to share the ways their work is taking advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, which aims to create computers that can learn the way we do. Anyone in attendance surely came away in awe of the possibilities for how such technologies could accelerate our investigation into the mysteries of biology and the development of new medical treatments. For those who missed it, read on for a rundown of a few of the many research projects IRP researchers presented at the event.

Postbac Poster Day Presents a Buffet of Biology

Young Scientists Demonstrate Fruits of Their IRP Research

IRP postbaccalaureate fellow Monica Mesecar with her poster at Postbac Poster Day

There’s nothing quite like visiting NIH’s Postbac Poster Day to boost your faith that the future of biomedical science is bright. On May 1 and 2, more than a thousand recent college graduates participating in NIH’s Postbac program showed their colleagues, friends, and family the fascinating projects they’re working on in IRP labs. From delving into the aging brain to making sense of the bacteria on our skin, these aspiring researchers demonstrated that they have the passion needed to unravel the most complex mysteries of human biology. Read on to learn about the scientific questions just a few of them have been doggedly investigating over the past year.

Treatment Corrects Consequences of Accelerated Cellular Aging

Mouse Study Demonstrates Promise of New Therapy for Rare Genetic Conditions

time warp

If you ask a scientist how old you are, you may be surprised to get a different answer depending on who you’re talking to. That’s because age can be measured both ‘chronologically’ — in terms of time — and at a cellular level. Indeed, certain genetic mutations cause cells to age faster, leading to a host of health problems. Fortunately, a recent IRP study performed in mice suggests that boosting levels of a specific molecule could help alleviate some of those patients’ symptoms.

Helping Aging Hearts Get Their Groove Back

IRP Researchers Discover ‘Coupled-Clock’ That Controls Heart Rhythms

heart rate monitor

Like so much about our lives, our hearts slow down as we age. While this slowing is natural, a heartbeat that is too sluggish can lead to heart failure, irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias, and other problems. IRP senior investigator Edward G. Lakatta, M.D., has changed the paradigm in our understanding of how our hearts keep the beat across our life spans — and what happens when they don’t.

Toxic Protein and Aging Combine Forces to Drive Brain Disease

IRP Study Suggests New Therapeutic Targets for Pair of Age-Related Illnesses

older man

Aging wears down all parts of our bodies, from our bones to our brains. It’s no surprise, then, that it’s the main risk factor for neurological illnesses like Parkinson’s disease and dementia. However, the precise reason why has long remained a mystery. New IRP research suggests that the aged brain is a fertile ground for the spread of a harmful protein associated with several neurological diseases, and that the toxic protein itself ages immune cells in the brain.

Predicting Risks and Benefits for Lung Cancer Screening

IRP Researchers Refine Tools to Maximize the Benefit from Life-Saving Tests

patient getting a CT scan

Eleven years ago, IRP senior investigator Hormuzd Katki, Ph.D., had a bit of an eureka moment during a press event announcing the results of the National Lung Cancer Screening Trial, which demonstrated that annual screenings cut the risks of dying from lung cancer in heavy smokers by 20 percent.

“It struck me as I read the trial results that not only was this a very important trial, but that it was possible that different people will have different benefits from lung cancer screening,” Dr. Katki remembers. “Even within this group of very high-risk smokers who were part of the trial, you can identify some people who get much more benefit than other people, and that has implications for who should be offered this kind of screening.”