Sameer S. Kadri, M.D., M.S.

Dr. Kadri's primary research interest lies in identifying clinical and public health strategies to improve patient outcomes in acute illness through real-world evidence. He leverages large clinical and administrative datasets to generate insights through innovative epidemiologic investigations on a diverse array of high-mortality conditions. These include therapeutically challenging conditions such as antimicrobial-resistant infections and sepsis, and operationally challenging conditions such as hospital overcrowding in public health emergencies and everyday care, to inform clinical care and health policy.

Dr. Kadri's lab has contributed several landmark investigations to help improve care delivery and outcomes in disasters and public health emergencies, which helped enable large-scale operational changes in patient management during the pandemic. This includes studies showcasing the detrimental impact of hospital overcrowding, the safety of moving patients with respiratory failure between hospitals, and the impact of centralizing transfer coordination on transfer rates. His contributions on healthcare delivery during disasters have helped shape updated Crisis Standards of Care recommendations by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, with a heightened focus on risks of caseload strain.

In the area of antimicrobial resistance and sepsis, he developed and tested a novel classification scheme called "Difficult-to-Treat Resistance" (DTR) that focuses on non-susceptibility to all first-line antibiotics. His group used real world data to highlight that clinicians continue to underutilize newer antibiotics for DTR infections and patient outcomes remain suboptimal, underscoring the need of patient-outcome oriented innovation in infectious disease therapeutics including host-based therapies. He has performed target trial emulations comparing the real-world effectiveness of antibiotics used to treat infections for which clinical trials are infeasible and unlikely. He is now leveraging artificial intelligence to better predict antibiotic resistant pathogens and optimize empiric antibiotic prescribing to improve survival in hospital-onset sepsis.

His work also addresses global challenges in antimicrobial resistance. To help counter the market failure for antibiotics, his group characterized the market size for new agents to shape strategies that incentivize innovation. He has also examined international differences in antibiotic access and how these differences play into the perceived impact of resistance on patient outcomes, which in turn can help tailor strategies for market entry of new antibiotics into low- and middle-income countries. His lab collaborates closely with several other federal agencies and with several university-based investigators.

Dr. Kadri earned his degree in Medicine from the Seth G.S. Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital in Mumbai, India. He trained in Internal Medicine at the New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Infectious Diseases at the Massachusetts General Hospital, in Critical Care at the NIH Clinical Center, and in Clinical Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Dr. Kadri was awarded tenure and appointed to Senior Investigator in 2026 in the Critical Care Medicine Department at the NIH Clinical Center. In this role, he splits his time between attending in the ICU, serving as an NIH principal investigator, leading research strategy for the department, supervising a data lab, and training fellows. Prior to this he held positions of Staff Clinician (2014-2021) and Tenure Track Investigator (2021-2026) within the same department.

He founded the NIH Antimicrobial Resistance Outcomes Research Initiative (NIH-ARORI), an interagency and extramural collaborative that has yielded key insights in the field of antimicrobial use and outcomes. Dr. Kadri has been awarded several NIH intramural grants including RASCL, NIH Director's Challenge and NIEHS Health and Extreme Weather grants. He has also secured philanthropic funding and seven consecutive interagency grants from the FDA to investigate pressing questions of clinical and regulatory importance. He has won several awards including the Ruth Kirschstein NIH Director's award for mentoring and Infectious Diseases Society of America's Oswald Avery Award for early achievement.

Dr. Kadri has authored over 140 peer-reviewed publications, has been cited 10,000 times, and has held various editorial positions over the years including associate editor of Critical Care Medicine and Critical Care Explorations. He has mentored several clinician scientists who have gone on to secure independent funding and prestigious academic positions. He has served on several scientific review committees and technical expert panels, and has led National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine public health initiatives.